US Government Chapter Review Outlines: Foreign policy and National Defense

Chapter number and title: Foreign policy and National Defense

Outline:

1. Goals of American Foreign policy

Maintain national security
carry out trade
defend democracy
uphold balance of power

US policies:

Isolationism (1800s)
Interventionism (1900s)
Internationalist (since WW2)

During the Cold War:

Containment of USSR
Detente (1970s)

Top Advisors to the President

Secretary of state
Secretary of defense
National security Council
CIA

Cabinet Positions:

Diplomatic policy carried out by State dept.
Foreign aid, peace corps, positive image abroad.
Sanctions can be used to show displeasure
Defense dept (Pentagon) carries out national defense
Collective security (NATO)
Deterrence
Nuclear Proliferation is a threat to all nations

The UN

Goal: maintain world peace
general assembly: All member nations
Security council: decisions on disputes and takes actions
permanent members (5) have veto power.
Secretariat: Administrative wing
World Court: Judicial

Term 1: Marshall plan: Plan to supply western Europe with cash to rebuild after WW2. 7 million went to W. Europe in 1948.

Term 3: Proliferation: increasing the number and power of nuclear or other types of weapons.

Short answer essay question (which can be answered in a 2-3 sentence paragraph).

Essay: How has the end of the Cold war changed the strength of America's military?

During the Cold War, large numbers of men and weapons were needed to contain Soviet communism. Now that there is no Soviet threat, less money needs to be devoted to the defense budget. the threat now comes from small nations who would use terrorism to achieve their extremist goals.